DIABETES INSIPIDUS : HEALTH WITH MOSES

Hello and welcome to Health with Moses (HWM). Being my first time here, I would like to appreciate Tellrhodess for this privilege.

Today I will writing on a very important health topic " DIABETIS INSIPIDUS ".
Wait a minute, I said Insipidus not mellitus, there is diffence between them, but before we proceed what is Diabetis itself,  *Diabetis*: is simply put as the inability of the body to properly manage it's sugar and water  (depending on the type ).

Types :

1) Diabetes Mellitus: This is a group of metabolic disorders which leads to retention of high sugar level in the blood stream over a long period of time ( in essence the normal diabetes we know)

2) Diabetes Insipidus: This is  an uncommon disorder caused by an imbalance of water in the body system, this usually leads to intense thirst even after drinking water ( polydipsia)  and excretion of large amount of urine ( polyuria).

*Mechanism*: This occurs as a result of inability of the posterior pituitary gland located at the base of the brain to produce or release  Anti Diuretic Hormone (ADH)-a vasopressin due to either injury, infection or congenital.
This cause the kindey not to be able to absorb water back into the body system while forming urine. It's wise to conclude that ADH help control water reabsorption in the renal system.

Symptom :

*Mild cases :
extreme thirst,
excretion of excessive amount of dilute urine.

*Severe Cases:
Trouble sleeping
Severe dehydration ( this includes hypotension, dry mouth, hypernatremia)
Weight loss
Fever
Diarrhea
Electrolyte imbalance ( this includes nausea, muscle cramp, confusion, fatigue)

*TYPE* :
Depending on the damaged, determine the type of Diabetes Insipidus (DI)

1) Nephrogenic DI : occurs when there is a defect in the kidney tubules, which causes water  not to be absorbed  that but secreted.
Cause can be genetic or induced eg using over dose of drugs such as Lithium and Anti Viral Medication.

2) Central DI: occurs as a result of damage to Pituitary gland or Hypothalamus which disrupts ADH production. This can happen due to surgery, tumor, illness such as menegitis or even injury to the head.

3) Gestational DI: occurs only in pregnant women due to  an enzyme(this allow nutrients to flow between mother and fetus) made by the placenta, this destroy ADH in the mother.

4) Primary Polydispsia: This occurs when there is prolonged excessive water intake which damages the kidney and suppress ADH.

*NOTE*:
In some cases of Diabetes Insipidus, medical doctor do not find the determining cause of the defect, but depending on the type determine the treatment given, such includes:
*Desmopressin*: A synthetic analogue diuretic hormone which increases water reabsorption into the body system.


*Conclusion*: Health is wealth they say,  the key to staying healthy is getting healthy information.
This keeps the doctors away but if you ever sick never hesitate to visit a Doctor, after all they are trained for just that and avoid self medication.
Post By: Olarewaju Moses