AUTOCARE: TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
Transmission system
Transmission System
Transmission system is used in motor vehicles to supply the output of the
internal combustion engine to the drive wheels. The transmission reduces the higher engine speed to the slower wheel speed, increasing torque in the process.
Transmission system consist of
Clutch assembly
Gear box assembly (Transmission case assembly)
Propeller shaft
Clutch system
The clutch assembly interrupts the power flow between the engine and the transmission when the vehicle is brought to a stop with the engine running. and when shifting gears. It is a mechanical device that transfers all power from the engine into the transmission of a vehicle. Without a properly operating clutch, power transfer and gear shifting would be very difficult. The clutch is located between the engine flywheel and the transmission
Functions of Clutch
(a) To disconnect the engine power from the gear box as required.
(b) To allow the engine to take up load gradually without shock or jerk.
Requirements of a Clutch
(a) Torque transmission or the ability to transmit maximum torque of the engine.
(b) Gradual engagement, i.e., to engage gradually and avoid sudden jerks
(c) Heat dissipation, i.e., ability to dissipate large amount of heat generated during the clutch operation due to friction
(d) Dynamic balancing, which means that the clutch should be dynamically balanced. This is particularly required in the case of high-speed engine clutches.
(e) Vibration damping, i.e., having a suitable mechanism to damp vibrations to eliminate noise produced during the power transmission.
(f) Size of the clutch should be as small as possible so that it occupies minimum space.
(g) Free pedal play, which helps the clutch to reduce effective load on the carbon thrust bearing and its wear.
(h) Easy in operation and requiring as little exertion as possible on the part of the driver.
(i) Light weight of the driven member of the clutch so that it does not continue to rotate for any length of time after the clutch has been disengaged.
Main Parts of a Clutch
The main parts of a clutch are divided into three groups
(a) Driving members: The driving members consist of a flywheel mounted on the engine crankshaft. The flywheel is bolted to a cover which carries a
pressure plate or driving disc, pressure springs and releasing levers. Thus, the entire assembly of the flywheel and the cover rotate all the time. The clutch housing and the cover provided with
openings, dissipate the heat generated by friction during the clutch operation
(b) Driven members: The driven members consist of a disc or plate, called the clutch plate. It is free
to slide lengthwise on the splines of the clutch shaft (primary shaft). It carries friction material on both of its surfaces. When it is gripped between the flywheel and the pressure plate, it rotates the clutch shaft through the splines.
Gear Box (Transmission Case) Assembly
We need different gear ratios in the gear box or transmission system to enable the vehicle to move at different speeds. At the time of starting the vehicle, the
maximum amount of torque is available on the flywheel, for which low gear ratio is selected for the movement of the vehicle. As the engine speed increases, the amount of torque is reduced on the flywheel and it is required to select
higher gear ratio.
Functions of a gear box
(i) To provide a means to vary the leverage or torque
ratio between the engine and the road wheels as required
(ii) The transmission also provides a neutral position so that the engine and the road wheels are disconnected even with the clutch in the engaged position.
(iii) It provides a means to reverse the car by selecting the reverse gear.
Transmission System
Transmission system is used in motor vehicles to supply the output of the
internal combustion engine to the drive wheels. The transmission reduces the higher engine speed to the slower wheel speed, increasing torque in the process.
Transmission system consist of
Clutch assembly
Gear box assembly (Transmission case assembly)
Propeller shaft
Clutch system
The clutch assembly interrupts the power flow between the engine and the transmission when the vehicle is brought to a stop with the engine running. and when shifting gears. It is a mechanical device that transfers all power from the engine into the transmission of a vehicle. Without a properly operating clutch, power transfer and gear shifting would be very difficult. The clutch is located between the engine flywheel and the transmission
Functions of Clutch
(a) To disconnect the engine power from the gear box as required.
(b) To allow the engine to take up load gradually without shock or jerk.
Requirements of a Clutch
(a) Torque transmission or the ability to transmit maximum torque of the engine.
(b) Gradual engagement, i.e., to engage gradually and avoid sudden jerks
(c) Heat dissipation, i.e., ability to dissipate large amount of heat generated during the clutch operation due to friction
(d) Dynamic balancing, which means that the clutch should be dynamically balanced. This is particularly required in the case of high-speed engine clutches.
(e) Vibration damping, i.e., having a suitable mechanism to damp vibrations to eliminate noise produced during the power transmission.
(f) Size of the clutch should be as small as possible so that it occupies minimum space.
(g) Free pedal play, which helps the clutch to reduce effective load on the carbon thrust bearing and its wear.
(h) Easy in operation and requiring as little exertion as possible on the part of the driver.
(i) Light weight of the driven member of the clutch so that it does not continue to rotate for any length of time after the clutch has been disengaged.
Main Parts of a Clutch
The main parts of a clutch are divided into three groups
(a) Driving members: The driving members consist of a flywheel mounted on the engine crankshaft. The flywheel is bolted to a cover which carries a
pressure plate or driving disc, pressure springs and releasing levers. Thus, the entire assembly of the flywheel and the cover rotate all the time. The clutch housing and the cover provided with
openings, dissipate the heat generated by friction during the clutch operation
(b) Driven members: The driven members consist of a disc or plate, called the clutch plate. It is free
to slide lengthwise on the splines of the clutch shaft (primary shaft). It carries friction material on both of its surfaces. When it is gripped between the flywheel and the pressure plate, it rotates the clutch shaft through the splines.
Gear Box (Transmission Case) Assembly
We need different gear ratios in the gear box or transmission system to enable the vehicle to move at different speeds. At the time of starting the vehicle, the
maximum amount of torque is available on the flywheel, for which low gear ratio is selected for the movement of the vehicle. As the engine speed increases, the amount of torque is reduced on the flywheel and it is required to select
higher gear ratio.
Functions of a gear box
(i) To provide a means to vary the leverage or torque
ratio between the engine and the road wheels as required
(ii) The transmission also provides a neutral position so that the engine and the road wheels are disconnected even with the clutch in the engaged position.
(iii) It provides a means to reverse the car by selecting the reverse gear.
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